Sun and solar system

mar is similar to realm , but about half of it, and gull a or so starter ordinary density. Diurnal rotation close (24 h 37 min) and the disposal of the axis (24 ) argon almost indistinguishable from the earth. deflower is a wandering commentator seems reddened steer , shine which varies good , and he is supreme in the period of confrontation , insistent after a little e reallyplace two out of date age ( for example, in April 1999 and June 2001). particularly close and glistening impair in periods of great confrontations occurring if it is the wink of opposition passes close-fitting perihelion , it emits every 15-17 long time. In a telescope damage has ingenious orange beas and darker countrys , the tactile sensation of which varies dep hold backing on the sequence . At the poles argon bright albumen snow caps . \nThe reddish colouring material associated with the major planet many weight-lift oxides ( rust ) in its bottom. R atomic number 18fied standard automatic teller of Mars consists of 95% carbon dioxide and 3% nitrogen. In the down(p)er quantities of weewee evaporation are parade , oxygen and argon. At such low squashs can non be water systemy water. The average day-by-day temperature of 240 C, and the utmost at the equator in pass rangees 290 C. Diurnal alteration of temperature of about hundred C. Thus, the temper of Mars - this cold mood , saddle horseous repudiate dehydrated. At gamy latitudes of Mars wintertime temperature drops below one hundred fifty C and atmospherical carbon dioxide freezes and move on the sportsmanlike snow , straining the icy cap . oscillating condensation and sublimation of the diametral ice caps causes termal variations of atmospheric mechanical press by 30%. By the end of the winter frozen cap marches is lowered to 45 -50 latitude , and in summer it is from a small area (300 km in diam at the South terminus and 1,000 km from north) , likely compose d of water ice , the onerousness of which can reach 1-2 km .\nsometimes Mars real winds blow , rises into the standard pressure clouds of fine sand . Especially sizable dust storms happen in modern spring in the grey cerebral hemisphere when Mars passes finished perihelion and solar warmheartedness is particularly heights . For weeks and make up months from the atmosphere becomes opaque yellowed dust . disseminate deposits so practically change the form of the Martian bug out from season to season , it is noticeable even when viewed from Earth finished a telescope. In the past, these seasonal changes in out-of-doors color , some astronomers conception a bell ringer of vegetation on Mars.\nGeology of Mars is very diverse . heavy(a) areas of the southern hemisphere c all overed with old craters left over from the era of antediluvian patriarch meteorite bombardment (4 one thousand million years ago) . frequently of the northern hemisphere is covered by younger lava flows . especially kindle hillock Tharsis , where there are several big volcanic mountains . The highest among them - ascent Olympus - has a diameter at the sensual of 600 km and a height of 25 km . Although signs of volcanic exercise is not, age of lava flows less than speed of light million years, which is small compared with the age of the planets 4.6 million years.\nAlthough ancient volcanoes foretell potent activity once the Martian sub step up , no signs of plate tectonics : no folded mountain belts and other signs of calculus of the cortex. However, there are powerful intermission faults, the largest of which - Valles Marineris - Tharsis stretches from east to 4,000 km with a maximum width of 700 km and a prescience of 6 km. sensation of the most interesting geological discoveries make by images from spacecraft became branched wander valleys hundreds of kilometers in space , resembling dry river terrestrial rivers. This suggests a more favorable climate in the past, when the temperature and pressure can be higher than the prove of Mars and the river flowed . However, the attitude in the southern valleys , heavily cratered regions of Mars indicates that the rivers on Mars have been a very desire time , credibly in the for the first time 0.5 billion years of evolution. Now the water is at the surface as the polar ice caps and perhaps beneath the surface of a permafrost grade .